普通狨(学名:Callithrix jacchus)体型比松鼠略大,头、脸的模样似哈巴狗或狮子头,头圆,耳大,体被毛,丝绒状,尾长,末端具长毛;仅大脚趾具扁甲,其余各指、趾均为爪状的尖爪;胸部有1对乳头;后肢比前肢长;牙齿32枚。栖于热带雨林的树冠上层,很少到地面活动。吃水果、坚果和其他植物性食物,亦食昆虫、蜘蛛、青蛙 、小蜥蜴和鸟蛋。视觉敏锐,听、嗅觉次之。白天活动,为稀有物种。分布于南美洲巴西地区。
外形特征Description
普通狨体长180-188毫米;重量236-256克。雄性略大。普通狨的毛色呈灰色。耳边有一簇白色长发,所以也叫绒耳狨,前额有白色印记,脸部没有毛,尾巴为灰白色。成年狨的体长为14-18厘米,体重约为400克。
生态习性Ecological Habit
普通狨以4-15只组成一群,通常为一个家庭。活动区域在300,000平方米。群体中有严格的等级观念。普通狨在白天活动,主要在树上攀爬和跳跃,有时也出现在平地上。普通狨以昆虫、蜘蛛、小脊椎动物和鸟蛋为食,也会吃水果、种子、花卉、菌类和花蜜。
生长繁殖Growth and Breed
普通狨多为一夫一妻制,孕期大约150天,每胎一般产两仔,幼仔的体重大约是成体的20%-27%,性成熟期为,雄性一年,雌性20-24个月。普通狨寿命大约10岁。
地理分布Distribution
普通狨主要分布于巴西东部。普通狨分布图:
普通狨的英文介绍Introduction
The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is a New World monkey. It originally lived on the Northeastern coast of Brazil, in the states of Piaui, Paraiba, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Alagoas and Bahia. Through release (both intentional and unintentional) of captive individuals, it has expanded its range since the 1920s to Southeast Brazil (its first sighting in the wild for Rio de Janeiro was in 1929) and became there an invasive species, raising concerns about genetic pollution of similar species, such as the buffy-tufted marmoset (Callithrix aurita), and predation upon bird nestlings and eggs.